• Contoh Analisis Senarai Berantai Bahasa Cover Letter
• Contoh Analisis Dalam Makalah

Senarai Berantai (Linked List) SENARAI BERANTAI (LINK LIST) Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi kekurangan array adalah dengan Linked List. Linked List (senarai berantai satu arah atau one way list) merupakan struktur data dinamis yang paling sederhana. Link list merupakan kumpulan komponen yang disusun secara berurutan dengan bantuan pointer.

This is a research proposal. The study of the research is about the effectiveness of using A1 speechTRON as a medium to teach pronunciation.

The background of the study is the difficulties in learning pronunciation. This study is aimed at responding the following questions; (1) How is the implementation of A1 speechTRON as a medium to teach pronunciation?; (2) How is the effectiveness of A1 speechTRON as a medium to teach pronunciation? The population of this research will be the second graders of English Education Program of STKIP Garut who consist of 30 students. This is an experimental research, which will be conducted in two groups; experimental group which will be taught by using the application software and control group which will be taught without the software. The method of data collection is test. There will be two tests; pre and posttest which both are in the form of reading aloud test.

• Contoh Program Queue dalam bahasa C: 1. Contoh Program Queue: Insert, Delete, View, Clear, Exit. Ini sya jga punya artikel tentang Queue dalam Bahasa C, smoga dpt saling melengkapi Queue (Antrian) dalam Bahasa C. Struktur Data, Linked List (Senarai Berantai) dalam bahasa C. Contoh Program Linked List dalam bahasa.
• Analisis Program Analisi yang akan dibahas yaitu, prosedur( Procedure ) dan fungsi( Function ) dalam program “menghitung jumlah dua bilangan bulat positif integer, menggunakan senarai berantai.

All data then will be analyzed by using t- test to determine whether there is a significance difference between two groups after treatments. This study will show that the first thing that the teacher has to do is to use the software as an aid is that he or she must conduct the lesson in the language laboratory. If it is difficult to find it, the teacher must provide several computers or laptops and then group the students into several possible groups to which the teacher gives a laptop or computer. The second thing is that this is CALL-learning-based; the teacher may teach how to conduct the software so students can practice by themselves outside of the class. The writer assumes that A1 speechTRON will be an effective medium to teach students pronunciation and it may be used as one of alternative media in the teaching of pronunciation. English pronunciation is included into one of language components besides grammar and vocabulary. This is why it is very important for English learners.

Even though, it is still pushed-aside, ignored, and neglected not only for teachers but also students. Nowadays, it can be easily encountered many teachers get difficulties to teach pronunciation of some English words, and admit to lack of their knowledge about the theories of pronunciation. As a result, it obviously gives a big influence toward their students at enhancing English pronunciation in the classroom. Therefore, teachers are expected to improve their practical skills in pronunciation teaching.

In addition, some people believed that English pronunciation was difficult for English learner (non-native speakers). They are compulsorily able to pronounce every word clearly and correctly. This has been defined by Josie Whitehead statement that the problem with the English language is “pronunciation” because what we see in English is not necessarily what we say. It drives that spoken word is not same as written form. Also, Rebecca M.

Dauer stated that English is especially difficult because the pronunciation of words is not clearly shown by how they are written. Inspired by the rapid development of technology from the early 1980s, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has now become an important component of foreign language learning pedagogy. Originally viewed as a supplement to classroom instruction, communicative instruction-based CALL activities are now used to promote learner autonomy and to encourage involvement with the target language both inside and outside of the classroom. Thus, this has been defined as “the search for and study of applications on the computer in language learning and teaching” and is now used routinely in a variety of instructional situations. As a result, teachers are required to possess CALL expertise that includes both practical skills and a thorough understanding of information technology (IT) theory. A1 SpeechTRON is application software which can transform the written form into the spoken form. This software is strongly predicted that will be able to enhance students’ pronunciation.

If students get difficulties or unable to pronounce difficult words, they can easily use this software only by inserting the words and clicking “Speak Button”. They will directly listen to the sound of the words. This can be inferred that it will be obviously effective for teaching students’ pronunciation in English. Based on the research problems and purposes, the quantitative method will be used in this research. Quantitative research is a means for testing objectives theories by examining the relationship among variable (Creswell, 2003).

Therefore, to prove the effectiveness of using A1 speechTRON as a medium to teach pronunciation, the writer will use the experiment as the approach on conducting the research. According to (Creswell, 2012), in experiments, treatment variables are independent variables that The writer manipulates to determine their effect on the outcome, or dependent variable. So, the subject will get a treatment to find out the effect of using A1 speechTRON toward students’ pronunciation mastery. According to concise oxford English dictionary, pronunciation means the way in which a word pronounced. Again, pronunciation is the act or manner of pronouncing syllables, words and phrases with regard to the production of sound and the placing of stress and intonation. While, according to Richard (1992), pronunciation is the way a certain sound is produced. Unlike articulation which refers to the actual production of speech sounds in the mouth, pronunciation stresses more on the way of sounds are produced by the hearer.

Contoh Analisis Senarai Berantai Bahasa Cover Letter

Thus, it includes one of the most important language skills. When people are just good in grammar and vocabulary, and then they are not pronouncing and stressing words correctly, the other people will not understand clearly what they are saying. In spite of this, when their accent is pleasant, they will enjoy talking to each other. According to Richard (1992), pronunciation is the way a certain sound is produced.

Unlike articulation which refers to the actual production of speech sounds in the mouth, pronunciation stresses more on the way of sounds are produced by the hearer. Thus, it includes one of the most important language skills. When people are just good in grammar and vocabulary, and then they are not pronouncing and stressing words correctly, the other people will not understand clearly what they are saying. In spite of this, when their accent is pleasant, they will enjoy talking to each other.

The other one is Supra-segmental Features, which refer to such features as stress, pitch length intonation, and other features that always accompany the production of segmental. On the other hand, supra segmental, the other feature cannot be studied in isolation. It cannot describe the supra segmental features, unless it deals with segmental. Furthermore, we have to differentiate whether the stress is on the first, second, or another syllable of the word. Like word good heavens /gud-hɛ venz/, it can be said that stress, as one feature of supra segmental, cannot stand by itself without other features.

They are five features in supra segmental; they are stress, intonation, pitch, pause, and rhythm. Learning how to pronounce a foreign language like a native speaker is difficult but not impossible. The better the pronunciation, the better people will understand. That is why pronunciation is always important, not only for beginning students, not only when it interests with intelligibility, but at all times. It is very important that learners are hoped to begin and develop their pronunciation of English from the beginning levels correctly. Because when they have bad pronunciations habits, they will be hard to acquire a communication successfully. One of the main ways in which pronunciation is practiced in the classroom is through drilling.

The Drilling simply involves the teacher saying a word or structure, and getting the class or repeat it. Being able to drill properly is a basic and fundamental language teaching skill. Drilling aims to help students achieve better pronunciation of language items, and to help them remember new items.

And given the complex relationships between English spelling and pronunciation, drilling is best done before students see the written form of the language. According to Morley’s Statement, the aim of teaching pronunciation in order to be the more realistic goals are: firstly, students are hoped that they are able to increase their mind in understanding of the speech features. Secondly, students are able to communicate using English with other peoples. Then, their self-confidence will be increased through teaching pronunciation.

The next, students will be taught how to use of the speech organs correctly, it is very important because when people are speaking a language, they want to convey a message. In addition, learners are studying how to modify their speech in the classroom. This Category includes people, events, objects, and demonstration. Real thing, as contrasted with other media, is not substitutes for the actual object or event. Simulation is the replication of real situations, which has been designed top, and is as near the factual event or process as possible. Many media, including the computers, tape recordings, and motion pictures can be used for simulation.

Model is a replica or representation of reality. It is often in scale and may be miniature, exact size or an enlargement.

During the development of technology from the early 1980s, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has now become a very important learning device. CALL activities are now used to promote learner autonomy and to encourage involvement with the target language both inside and outside of the classroom.

Thus, this has been defined as “the search for and study of applications on the computer in language learning and teaching” and is now used routinely in a variety of instructional situations. As a result, teachers are required to possess CALL expertise that includes both practical skills and a thorough understanding of information technology (IT) theory. Jolene Dockstader (1999) stated that technology has many purposes in language learning: it can be used to provide more in-depth information on a specific topic, to access authentic target language materials, to gain experience with electronic literacy. Classroom technology uses facilities higher thinking skills and knowledge construction and helps students learn to find, analyze, and synthesize knowledge or material.

Thus, it can encourage students‟ motivation. Also, they can be more active and have more chance to participate and work independently in order to implement students-centered learning better. A1 SpeechTRON is educational application software made by Caltrox Software Systems, developers of quality Application software, Utilities & Tools for the Personal Computer. The Program can also be used as an Educational tool to learning English pronunciation and Vocabulary building as well. The Software runs on all Windows Systems and has adjustable Speaking Speeds and Voice Tones, as well as an aesthetically designed user interface. The program comes with a realistic embedded Speech Engine in that gives a very high quality speech synthesis. This program is a powerful Text-To-Speech program for converting a text file into voice.

The file can be typed or pasted into the Text Window and just pressing the speak button converts the text into clear voice of the users choosing by the Synthesizer. The text should not contain any abbreviations or acronyms as the text is converted literally. The program can be used over a wide range of applications that output in text form. The program has as an aesthetically designed user interface.

The Speech Engine is embedded in the program which gives a very high quality speech synthesis. The Side Control bar enables setting of the Font and adjusting the Fore-Color and Back-Color of the text display box. The control at the top has all the word processing facilities like cut, copy, paste, opening a file etc.

The software is easy to handle. The text to be read can be imported by the tools in the Top Control bar or the text can be pasted on the Main Text Box. Once the text is entered in the Main Text Box, pressing the Speak Button will start the speaking. There are additional buttons for Stopping, Erasing and Pausing/Resuming the text. There are sliders for adjusting the speaking speeds and altering the Tone of the voice. There is a dropdown list for selection from multiple voices.

The sound output of the Speech synthesizer is displayed via customizable graphical visual display. The current speed and variable voice tones from low to high pitch as well as the status of the synthesizer are displayed. The speech synthesis output can be recorded as wav files to disk by clicking the 'RECORD' button. The 'STOP' button can be used to stop the recording at any time or else the recording will stop automatically when all the text in the Main Text Box has been recorded to the.wav file. The Speed and Tone settings cannot be adjusted while recording and the default settings will be used. The help file is quite elaborate and the different functions are easily understandable to utilize the utility.

The software has a very close relationship with pronunciation. As a product of the development of technology, the role of this software such as a computer assisted language learning (CALL) to facilitate ESL has a history dating back to the 1950‟s. With advances in technology, CALL based curriculums have become more accessible to educators in the ESL field. CALL based programs are being used to improve reading, comprehension, writing skills and pronunciation skills of students engaged in ESL studies. There are several implications of CALL designed for the improvement of pronunciation skills. First, CALL can teach pronunciation skills without consuming too much of the SL instructor’s time (Masatake, Kawahara & Tsubota, 2004).

Second, it allows students in large class situations to receive important feedback immediately (Eskenazi, 1999). Third, and possibly most important, CALL can reduce stress and anxiety often associated with learning and producing more accurate pronunciation skills (Culhane & Ito, 2003). CALL can be interactive thus making the learning experience more enjoyable for both the SL instructor and the ESL student. CALL can be interactive thus making the learning experience more enjoyable for both the SL instructor and the ESL student. Teaching pronunciation through CALL can be beneficial for ESL students especially those who need more attention when acquiring accurate pronunciation skills.

Two groups are employed in this design; one group, the experimental group, receives a treatment (X) while the second group, the control group, does not. Both groups were given a pretest and a posttest. Firstly, the test was done in both groups, experimental and control group. Secondly, the result of the test was scored by using analytic scale. Thirdly, the means score of the two groups were determined. Finally, the two means were compared by applying t-test formula.

T-test was used to determine if the students’ result of the test which was taught by using the software and without using the software was significant or not. Variable is the object of research or something that become the concern of research. There are two variables in experimental research.

They are Independent (X) and Dependent Variable (Y). Kerlinger (1999) stated that All experiments have one fundamental idea behind them; to test the effect of one or more independent variables on a dependent variable (it is possible to have more than one dependent variable in experiments).

While, according to Creswell (2003), Independent variables are variables that (probably) cause, influence, or affect outcomes. While dependent variable is variable that depend on the impendent variables; they are the outcomes or results of the influence of the independent variables. In simple terms, test explained as a method which is used to measure competence, knowledge, intelligence, and ability of talent which is possessed by individual or group to collect data. The instrument of the test in this research is reading aloud narrative text in which contains particular words that has to pronunce clearly and correctly, to measure student’s pronunciation of particular words with the theory which has been stated.

This research will focus on the pronunciation of the particular words, and not observing reading comprehension. This test can be concluded into a subjective test, because it refers to non-verbal test, whose process of assessing is without placing receptive or expressive language demands on either the examinee or the examiner (McCallum, Bracken & Wasserman, 2001). Simply, it only needs the tester’s guidance or instruction then the testee does or answers by demonstrating. Thus, it is needed to record student’s voice of pronunciation.

In addition, it needs a scoring guidance to reduce the subjectivity of the test. This is a sensitive measure of achievement; it allows teachers to diagnose the students’ problems on pronunciation. It has pre-test and posttest in this research. Pre-test is given before the teacher taught new material by the application software; the teacher will ask students to read aloud the material which contain the particular words. Pre-test will be given to the experimental and control class in same way. This test will be given before the experiment run.

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Post-test also will be given to the experimental and control class. It is to know students’ achievement after they taught with the application software (experimental class) and without the application software (control class). In this case, students will be asked to read aloud the text. The score of students’ achievement can be calculated by using this following formula. Documentation is tool aiming at identifying documents or the field of study devoted to the study of documents. This is an effort to help the writer to collect the needed data and to support the writer with the data dealing with the school and English learning process in the class.

In this research, it was needed to get the learning devices, report of students’ development, teachers’ and the students’ name list, and sketch of English Education Program of STKIP Garut from the academic office. This aim is used to know the data of the students and teachers in the school. To get the result of documentation easily and systematically, the data will be gained by the help of English teacher of related school. Also, to document and analyze the data of the test result to be valid, the student voices of particular words has to be recorded. On scoring data, researcher will check students’ voice one by one from their records as the result of students’ tests in the pre- and post-test the kind of tests is in a spoken form.

So, it is needed extra attention while checking students’ voices to get a valid data. It is used to measure their pronunciation ability after researcher gives treatment and to know about their improvement. On the other hand, there will be 20 particular words on the narrative texts that should be pronounced by students.

The paper is organized so that readers can find out how much influence the school library for the quality of education that we provide based on observations from various sources. This paper set up by the compiler with various obstacles. Whether it came from self constituent or who come from outside.

But with patience and especially the help of God finally this paper can be resolved.This paper includes on “The Effect of School Libraries on Quality Education in Schools” and deliberately chosen because the authors draw attention to scrutiny and need support from all parties who care about education.Authors also thank the teachers / lecturers who have helped making up for Facebook to finish this paper.Hopefully this paper can provide a broader insight to the reader. Although this paper has advantages and disadvantages.

Authors beg for advice and criticism. Thank you.AuthorTABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACETABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER I INTRODUCTIONA. Issue BackgroundB. Problem IdentificationC. Limitation Of Problems.D. Problem Formulation.CHAPTER II DISCUSSIONA.

School Library Purpose.B. School Library Functions.C.

Library Donations To The Implementation Of Educational Programs In SchoolsCHAPTER III FINALA. AdviceREFERENCESCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONA. Issue BackgroundScience and technology is always evolving and progressing, in accordance with the times and the development of human thinking.The Indonesian nation as one of the developing countries will not be able to advance as long as not improve the quality of human resources of our nation. Quality of life of the nation can be increased if supported by an established educational system. With an established education system, allows us to think critically, creatively, and productively.In the 1945 Constitution stated that the country we want to create a society yangcerdas. To achieve an intelligent nation, have formed learning communities. Learning communities can form if you have the ability and listening skills and a great interest in reading.

If reading is a habit and entrenched in society, then obviously the book can not be separated from everyday life and is a basic requirement that must be met.In the world of education, the book proved efficient and bertepat order as one means of education and means of communication. In this regard the library and library services should be developed as one installation to realize the objectives of the intellectual life of the nation.

Libraries are a vital part and the greatest effect on the quality of education.The title of this paper is deliberately chosen because the authors draw attention to scrutiny and need support from all parties who care about education.B. Identification Problems (Background)In accordance with the title of this paper “The Effect of School Libraries on Quality Education in Schools”, in relation to the implementation of education programs at schools, functions and contribution to the implementation of the program library. In connection with that title, then the problem can be identified as follows:1.

How does the role of libraries on the implementation of education programs in schools2. How can the school library can truly improve the quality of education in school?C. Limitation Of Problems.To clarify the scope of discussion, the issues discussed is limited to the problem:a. The role of the library towards the implementation of education programs in schools;b. The ways for the school library can really improve the quality of education in schools.D.

Problem Formulation.Based on the background and the limitation issue, the problems discussed can be formulated as follows:1. How does the description of the role of libraries on the implementation of education programs in schools?2. How the description of the way for the school library can truly improve the quality of education in school?CHAPTER IIDISCUSSIONLibrary is an integral part of educational institutions as a collection of library materials, either the book or not book.

In accordance with the title of this paper, the discussion includes the purpose of libraries, function libraries and library donations towards the implementation of educational programs.A. School Library Purpose.The main objective of organizing the school library is to improve the quality of education together with elements of other schools.While other purpose is support, support, and complete all activities both curricular, co-curricular and extra curricular activities, in addition is also intended to help foster student interest and develop talent and strengthen teaching and learning strategies.However, in the school library when operational goals associated with the implementation of programs in schools, including:1.

Foster a sense of love, awareness, and reading habits.2. Guiding and directing techniques to understand the content of reading.3. Expanding knowledge of the students.4. Help develop language skills and thinking power of students by providing quality reading material.5.

Guiding students to use and maintain library materials properly.6. Provide the basics to the independent study.7. Provide opportunities for students to learn how to use the library with a good, effective and efficient, especially in the use of reference materials.8. Providing library materials that support the implementation of curriculum programs in schools both curricular, kokurikuler, as well as extra curricular.B. School Library Functions.Based on the school library purposes, it can be formulated some library functions, as follows:1.

Educative function.The meaning of educative library function is provide library materials in accordance with the curriculum that is able to arouse students’ interest in reading, developing power of expression, develop language skills, developing a style that is rational and critical thought and able to guide and nurture the students in terms of how to use and maintain library materials properly.2. Informative functions.The meaning of the informative function is a library providing library materials which contain information about the various branches of science quality and uptodate arranged regularly and systematically, so as to facilitate the officers and users in finding needed information.3. Administrative FunctionsWhat is meant by administrative function is a library should do the recording, completion and processing of library materials and organizing the circulation of a practical, effective, and efficient.4. Recreational functions.What is meant by recreational function library books in addition to providing knowledge also needs to provide the books that are recreational (entertainment) and quality, so that readers can use to fill free time, either by students or by teachers.5.

Research FunctionWhat is meant by the function of research libraries is to provide a reading which can be used as source / object simple research in various fields of study.C. Library Donations To The Implementation Of Educational Programs In Schools.When observed in jenih, then the school library actually contribute to the implementation of education programs in schools.Donations / role of the library include:1. Library is a source of knowledge and learning centers.2. Libraries are a source of new ideas that could encourage the willingness of students to be able to think rationally and critically, and provide instructions to create.3.

Library will provide satisfactory answers for the students, as the demands of a sense of curiosity about something, have actually been built.4. A collection of library materials (collections) in the library to provide reading opportunities for students who have the time and diverse capabilities.5. Libraries provide the opportunity for students to learn how to use the library efficiently and effectively.6. Library will help students improve in reading skills and expand vocabulary.7. Libraries can cause love to read, so it can direct the taste and appreciation of students in the selection of readings.8. Library to give satisfaction to knowledge outside the classroom.9. Library is a recreation center that can provide a healthy entertainment.10.

Libraries provide opportunities to students and teachers to conduct research.11. Library is a stepping stone for students to continue their reading habits at school is higher.12. Excitement / interest in reading of students who have developed through the library very positive effect on academic achievement.13. If your reading interests have grown and developed in self-esteem, then the library can also reduce a child snacks, which are usually negatively affect the health of children.14. Even the library is also for children to stay away from delinquency measures, which could lead to less healthy atmosphere in the friendly relations between them.CHAPTER IIICLOSINGA.

KnotBased on the description of the discussion “The Role of School Libraries on Quality Education in Schools” can be concluded that:1. The role of libraries is to support educational achievement at school.2. Libraries are very important and should exist in every school in all levels of education.3. Library management must be implemented in accordance with the purposes and functionsB. AdviceBased on the role of the library so much contribution in the implementation of education programs in schools, authors provide suggestions as follows:1. Should the library be managed in accordance with the purposes and functions.2.

The role of the library/librarian professional should get enough stock to become a reliable and professional librarians.REFERENCES– Citizenship Education Book– www/cintapendidikan.co.cc/2010/11/contoh-makalah-pendidikan.htmlDemikianlah contoh singkat makalah bahasa inggris dengan tema pendidikan yang bisa dibagikan pada postingan kali ini, semoga bermanfaat untuk pembaca.